Nonviolence and noncooperation was initially used for the khilafat issues in india but subsequently it turned into a protest against many wrongs of the british rule and became inseparable from the demand for swaraj. It was the start of a new era the gandhi era which played an indispensable part in indias freedom. It meant that not at this stage but at the later stage hey may also launch the non cooperation movement. Noncooperation and khilafat movement during colonial days. Mahatma gandhi was the main force behind the noncooperation movement. Rowlatt act, 1919 jallianwala bagh massacre khilafat. Though the two movements emerged from separate issues, they adopted a common programme of actionthat of nonviolent non cooperation. This movement fundamentally altered the course of the struggle for freedom. It adversely affected the khilafat movement which thought to be integral part of. The hindus and muslims together participated in the movement throughout the country and often it was difficult to point out the. Moreover, when mahatma gandhi withdrew it and the congress ratified the withdrawal, the noncooperation movement ended, whereas the khilafat movement. From 19191922 two important movements that happened were the khilafat movement and the non cooperation movement.
Noncooperation movement definition, examples, diagrams. Evaluation of khilafat and noncooperation movement. Rowlatt act, 1919 jallianwala bagh massacre khilafat movement non cooperation movement. Read this article to learn about the khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. He gave a direction to the movement which resulted in unity and mutual nonviolent noncooperation movement. Khilafat movement, panislamic force in india that arose in 1919 in an effort to salvage the ottoman caliph as a symbol of unity among muslims in india during the period of british rule. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and noncooperation.
By critics, it is regarded as one of the political agitation based on a panislamist, fundamentalist platform and being largely indifferent to the cause of indian independence. The colonial rule resulted in the unity of the hindus and the muslims. During the period of 1919 to 1922 congress and the khilafat movement was in the light. While seemingly panislamic, the movement was primarily a means of achieving panindian muslim political mobilization. The government arrested mahatma gandhiji on 10 march and charged him with spreading disaffection against the government. This act was called the rowlatt act and was named after the rowlatt. On june 9 1920, the khilafat committee at allahabad unanimously accepted the suggestion of noncooperation and asked gandhiji to lead the movement. The act came as a sudden blow to the indians who were expecting self. The khilafat movement enabled gandhi to spread his noncooperation movement in the whole country.
Champaran,kheda,khilafat and amritsar swarnav raj had shown a similar movement in south africa and in 1918 in champaran, bihar and kheda, gujarat that the only way to earn the respect and attention of angrez officials was to actively resist. The wave of the movement which developed in the early 1920s as a consequence of the religious anxiety of the indian muslims over the spiritual and temporal authority of the khilafat as well as the territorial integrity of the turkish empire also. Khilafat and non cooperation movement the politicallyconscious muslims were critical of the treatment meted out to the ottoman or turkish empire by britain and its allies who had partitioned it and taken away thrace from turkey proper. Launching of the noncooperation movement with the congress support to the khilafat movement, hindumuslim unity was achieved which encouraged gandhi to launch his nonviolent, noncooperation movement.
Pdf noncooperation movement, launched under the leadership of gandhi. Click download or read online button to get the khilafat movement book now. With this, the third and significant phase of indian nationalism began and which continued till independence. The jinnahs, gandhi and khilafat outlook india magazine. Various social groups participated in this movement, each with its own specific aspiration. Gandhian philosophy emphasized the strategy of satyagraha and ahimsa in fighting against the british. While the non cooperation movement was in full steam in 1921, the masses were aroused from their slumber and the congress grass root workers, as well as the leadership, were requesting mahatma gandhi to launch the next phase of mass civil disobedience. The khilafat, hijrat and gandhis noncooperationmovement grin. This decision of gandhiji was not supported by some.
The congress met in special session in september 1920 at calcutta. The non cooperation movement in india history discussion. Background the khilafat movement19191924 was a major panislamic movement started to save the ottoman empire and it extended to india against the british power. The khilafat and noncooperation movements played extremely important role in generating and spreading antiimperialist consciousness among the indian people. You can read about the main significance of the khilafat movement and its background in details. Background and causes mahatma gandhi led his nonviolent nationalist movementsatyagraha, as a protest against government repression such as therowlatt act of 1919, and the jalian wallah bagh massacre ofapril 1919. During the world wari, turkey helped germany to war against british. Though emerging out of separate issues both these movements. The combined khilafat noncooperation movement was the first. As we noted earlier, in one sense the noncooperation movement was the climax ot earlier movements. First of all, the war created a new economic and political situation. Gandhi used an incident of arson on february 1922, when a violent mob set on fire a police choki at chora churi at district gorakpur, burning twenty one constables to death as an excuse to call off the noncooperation movement. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat. All of them responded to the call of swaraj, but the term meant different things to different people.
Khilafat movement 19191924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, englisheducated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. The first noncooperation and civil disobedience movement virtually came to an end. It was started by the ali brothers in august 1920 for the preservation of the office of khalifa caliph, the religious head of the muslims. Khilafat movement 19191924 importance pdf download. The khilafat movement was an agitation by indian muslims allied with indian nationalism when was following world war i. Only a few weeks earlier it had suffered a grievous losslokamanya tilak had passed away on 1 august at the age of 64. This unity reached its climax during the khilafat and the noncooperation movements. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
Noncooperation movement and khilafat movement in india. Download non cooperation movement notes pdf for ias exam. The jinnahs, gandhi and khilafat the following excerpt from sheela reddys new book gives a glimpse into the dynamics of the relationship shared by mr and mrs jinnah. Reasons for the failure of the khilafat movement following factors can be attributed towards the failure of the movement. Download pdf right click and save as target or continue reading online.
The second khilafat conference amritsar was held in. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the. The first world war brought new crisis for the muslim community in the british raj. Khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of the british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate or khilafateusmania and for not letting for the muslim holy places go under the control of the nonmuslims. In his struggle against the racist authorities of south. The allindia khilafat conference held at delhi in november 1919 decided to withdraw all cooperation from the government if their demands were not met. Very soon the khilafat, question also lost relevance. Non cooperation and khilafat movement bihar psc exam notes. The khilafat committee launched a noncooperation movement on 31 august 1920. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement mohandas karamchand gandhi took control of the national movement in 1919. Noncooperation movement, unsuccessful attempt in 192022, organized by mohandas mahatma gandhi, to induce the british government of india to grant selfgovernment, or swaraj, to india. To its founders and followers, the khilafat was not a religious movement but rather a show.
The british rule was opposed through two mass movements, khilafat and noncooperation. State any two demands of the peasants movement in awadh. Download noncooperation movement notes pdf for ias exam. Gandhis action of calling off the noncooperation movement at a moment when the government was about to make major concessions, was a. The khilafat movement was an agitation by indian muslims, allied with. Mitras ias november 3, 2018 mitras ias add a comment. Suspension of noncooperation movement after the incidents of chauri chaura and the attack at the police outpost made gandhiji take a big decision to suspend the noncooperation movement. The khilafat and non cooperation movements played extremely important role in generating and spreading antiimperialist consciousness among the indian people. The non cooperation movement launched by the indian national congress on 1 st august 1920 under the leadership of mahatma gandhi opened up a new chapter in indias freedom struggle. This decision of gandhiji was not supported by some of the radical nationalists of congress. Noncooperation movement features of the nonviolent non. When and where was the resolution on non cooperation adopted by the congress. The british rule was opposed through two mass movements, khilafat and non cooperation. He gave a direction to the movement which resulted in unity and mutual non violent non cooperation movement.
About noncooperation movement authorstream presentation. In 1919, a new act was passed by the british government to give themselves greater power over the people. The account of the anjuman is based on the following. The khilafat movement, also known as the indian muslim movement 191924, was a. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the first world war. Indian muslims as a khilafat against the british dominance was also a created. Mahatma gandhi was the main force behind the non cooperation movement. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman.
Launching of the non cooperation movement with the congress support to the khilafat movement, hindumuslim unity was achieved which encouraged gandhi to launch his non violent, non cooperation movement. The movement was initially bolstered by gandhis noncooperation movement but fell. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman saini indian history for upscias, ssc cgl. Name the book written by gandhiji in which he declared the reason for non cooperation. The khilafat movement the khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims.
Bamford, the histories of the noncooperation and khilafat. Pdf assam muslims in the khilafat and noncooperation. Khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. Khilafat and non cooperation movement khilafat and non cooperation movement the politicallyconscious muslims were critical of the treatment meted out to the ottoman or turkish empire by britain and its allies who had partitioned it and taken away thrace from turkey proper. The khilafat movement added much to the economic miseries of the muslims who resigned their jobs. The movement began in 1919 and, under the leadership of the ali brothers, muhammad ali 18781931 and shaukat ali 18731938, assumed a mainly political character in alliance with the indian national congress, adopting the noncooperation programme in may 1920. The khilafat movement evokes controversy and strong opinions. Non cooperation and khilafat movement andhra pradesh. Evaluation of khilafat and non cooperation movement. During the period of 1919 to 1922 congress and the khilafat movement. The british after the first world war imposed humiliating terms on the ruler of turkey who was also the caliph of islam. Explain the causes that led to the noncooperation movement definition the following circumstances led to the noncooperation movement.
70 200 1425 1609 1568 299 1579 198 58 1521 689 1459 1576 49 431 1311 197 1375 520 299 831 971 133 753 1523 477 169 755 1369 1051 1322 1025 976 1485 456 604 1386 870